Why Indian Summer Monsoon fails despite La Niña conditions: role of Madden–Julian Oscillation phase persistence

This study examines the combined influence of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) characteristics on the interannual variability of the Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR), with a specific focus on La Niña years. Persistent equatorial Pacific cold tongue SST ano...

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Hlavní autoři:	Lakshmi Srinivasan, Tanu Sharma, Satyaban B. Ratna, Mrutyunjay Mohapatra, Jasmine Takle, Madhuri Musale
Médium:	Artigo
Jazyk:	Inglês
Vydáno:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2026-05-01
Edice:	Frontiers in Climate
Témata:	ENSO equatorial Rossby wave Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall Kelvin wave La Niña Madden–Julian Oscillation
On-line přístup:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fclim.2026.1825496/full
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