Effects of in utero tobacco exposure, age of smoking initiation, and environmental pollution on the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adulthood: a large scale prospective cohort study
Abstract Background There has been limited research to date comprehensively assessing the effects of in utero tobacco exposure, age of smoking initiation and environmental pollution on the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods The participants in the current study were d...
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| Autors principals: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Artigo |
| Idioma: | Inglês |
| Publicat: |
BMC
2025-11-01
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| Col·lecció: | BMC Pulmonary Medicine |
| Matèries: | |
| Accés en línia: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-04009-w |
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