Enhancing the flexibility of polyvinyl alcohol/Uncaria gambir extract/boric acid biopolymer films via prolonged water immersion post-treatment

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films mixed with boric acid (BA) and Uncaria gambir (UG) offer excellent UV shielding and moisture resistance but suffer from brittleness. This study introduces a water immersion technique to improve flexibility. The untreated film showed high tensile strength (57.7 MPa) and...

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Autori principali:	Dieter Rahmadiawan, Hairul Abral, Shih-Chen Shi, Ilham Chayri Iby, Razan Muhammad Railis, Melbi Mahardika, Dian Juliadmi, Fazhar Akbar
Natura:	Artigo
Lingua:	Inglês
Pubblicazione:	Elsevier 2025-12-01
Serie:	Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering
Soggetti:	Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) Uncaria gambir extract Boric acid Prolonged water immersion treatment Toughness enhancement
Accesso online:	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666016425001793
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