The immune receptors TLR4 and SLAMF1 regulate TNF release by human metapneumovirus in human macrophages

BackgroundHuman metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a major cause of acute respiratory disease in children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. While pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons (IFNs) are important for antiviral defense, excessive tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is associated wi...

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Principais autores:	Katja Sæterhaug Bye, Kristin Rian, Liv Ryan, Terje Espevik, Marit W. Anthonsen, Maria Yurchenko
Formato:	Artigo
Idioma:	Inglês
Publicado em:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-11-01
coleção:	Frontiers in Immunology
Assuntos:	virus airway disease hyperinflammation TNF toll-like receptor 4 HMPV
Acesso em linha:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1697494/full
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