Sensor-Driven Digital Twins for Bridge Infrastructure: A Critical Review of BIM-Enabled Integration, Monitoring Architectures, and Operational Maturity

Digital Twin (DT) research in civil infrastructure has expanded rapidly, yet its practical maturity in bridge engineering remains uneven. This review examines sensor-driven DT research in bridge infrastructure through a combined bibliometric and systematic approach, with particular emphasis on imple...

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Hauptverfasser:	Alejandro Mungaray-Carrillo, Ye Xia, Fidel Lozano-Galant, José Antonio Lozano Galant
Format:	Artigo
Sprache:	Inglês
Veröffentlicht:	MDPI AG 2026-06-01
Schriftenreihe:	Applied Sciences
Schlagworte:	digital twin bridge infrastructure structural health monitoring sensor integration BIM-enabled integration operational maturity
Online-Zugang:	https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/16/12/5873
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