Infiltrating T lymphocytes and tumor microenvironment within cholangiocarcinoma: immune heterogeneity, intercellular communication, immune checkpoints

Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary liver cancer, and its global incidence has increased in recent years. Radical surgical resection and systemic chemotherapy have traditionally been the standard treatment options. However, the complexity of cholangiocarcinoma subtypes often present...

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Main Authors: Yunyan Dai, Chenyang Dong, Zhiming Wang, Yunpeng Zhou, Yi Wang, Yi Hao, Pinggui Chen, Chaojie Liang, Gaopeng Li
Format: Artigo
Sprog:Inglês
Udgivet: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-01-01
Serier:Frontiers in Immunology
Fag:
tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes
cholangiocarcinoma
tumor microenvironment
immune checkpoints
immunotherapy
Online adgang:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1482291/full
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