Ground Heat Exchangers from Artificial Ground-Freezing Probes for Tunnel Excavations

Ground-source heat pumps (GSHPs), despite their high efficiencies, are still not as cost-effective as air-source heat pumps, especially in urban environments, due to the necessity of drilling/excavation. Integrating GSHPs into existing geo-structures, such as underground tunnels, can play a vital ro...

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Principais autores:	Fawad Ahmed, Nicola Massarotti, Alessandro Mauro, Gennaro Normino
Formato:	Artigo
Idioma:	Inglês
Publicado em:	MDPI AG 2025-06-01
coleção:	Energies
Assuntos:	geothermal energy ground source heat pump geo-structure energy tunnel sustainable heating and cooling validation
Acesso em linha:	https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/11/2965
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