Influence of nitrate-containing arugula juice on nitrate-reducing oral bacteria and periodontopathogens in smokers’ biofilm

Green leafy vegetables such as arugula are rich in nitrates that support oral health, yet their effects on oral microbial balance, especially in smokers, remain unclear. This study evaluated the survival and activity of nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB; Veillonella spp. and Rothia spp.) in biofilm exp...

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Bibliografische Detailangaben

Hauptverfasser:	Boy M. Bachtiar, Irene E. Rieuwpassa, Heni Susilowati, Retno Indrawati, Citra F. Theodorea, Turmidzi Fath, Endang W. Bachtiar
Format:	Artigo
Sprache:	Inglês
Veröffentlicht:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-05-01
Schriftenreihe:	Frontiers in Dental Medicine
Schlagworte:	arugula biofilm nitrate-reducing bacteria periodontopathogens nitrate-associated genes
Online-Zugang:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fdmed.2025.1545479/full
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