Emissions and cost impacts of train configuration and biofuel blends in freight rail operations: A simulation-based assessment

This study establishes a framework for evaluating the fuel consumption of diesel-electric locomotives by examining the key factors affecting their energy intensity and associated variabilities within the U.S. freight railroad sector. By analyzing the impact of train configuration, routes, and commod...

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Detalhes bibliográficos

Principais autores:	Md Rakibul Alam, Nazib Siddique, Amgad Elgowainy, Yan Joann Zhou
Formato:	Artigo
Idioma:	Inglês
Publicado em:	Elsevier 2026-07-01
coleção:	Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives
Assuntos:	Rail energy intensity Freight rail emissions Well-to-wheels emission Biodiesel Renewable diesel
Acesso em linha:	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590198226002393
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