Multi-source data–driven prediction of cold-region slope failure using an SSA-PNN optimized stepwise reduction approach

Abstract Cold-region slopes are highly susceptible to instability due to freeze–thaw–creep coupling, which gradually degrades the mechanical properties of geomaterials and accelerates the formation of slip surfaces. To address the limitations of conventional strength reduction methods that fail to c...

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Κύριοι συγγραφείς:	Juan Gao, Qian Gao
Μορφή:	Artigo
Γλώσσα:	Inglês
Έκδοση:	Nature Portfolio 2025-10-01
Σειρά:	Scientific Reports
Θέματα:	Cold-region slope Freeze–thaw cycles Creep Stepwise reduction method Sparrow search algorithm Probabilistic neural network
Διαθέσιμο Online:	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-21824-7
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