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Differentiated Subsidy Policies for Outsourcing Remanufacturing Under Subsidy Phase-Out: Innovation, Production, and Consumption

In outsourcing remanufacturing, the Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) is responsible for product design and sales, while the Third-Party Remanufacturer (TPR) undertakes remanufacturing operations. The separation of responsibilities often leads to incentive misalignment and hinders industry devel...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Danyang Du, Aiping Wu
Format: Artigo
Language:Inglês
Published: MDPI AG 2026-03-01
Series:Mathematics
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/14/5/902
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