Comparing Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Added to Thoracolumbosacral Orthosis with Thoracolumbosacral Orthosis Alone on Pain, Trunk Control, and Respiratory Function in Chronic Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

<b>Background:</b> Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) frequently experience chronic pain, trunk instability, and respiratory dysfunction. This pilot trial investigated the synergistic effects of a combined neuro-orthotic approach (thoracolumbosacral orthosis (TLSO) plus transcutaneous electri...

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Egile Nagusiak:	Hanieh Khaliliyan, Arash Sharafatvaziri, Mahmood Bahramizadeh, Amirhossein Zare, Majid Ansari, Saeed Reza Mehrpour, Mohammad Hossein Nabian, Mohamad Naghi Tahmasebi, Morteza Faghih Jouibari, Morad Karimpour, Ghazaleh Moradkhani, Kavita Batra
Formatua:	Artigo
Hizkuntza:	Inglês
Argitaratua:	MDPI AG 2026-08-01
Saila:	Bioengineering
Gaiak:	chronic incomplete spinal cord injury transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation thoracolumbosacral orthosis trunk control chronic pain respiratory function
Sarrera elektronikoa:	https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/13/8/925
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