Effect of different rotary instrument designs (protaper ultimate and protaper gold) on postoperative pain and bacterial reduction: a randomized clinical trial

Abstract Background ProTaper Ultimate (PTU) is one of the recently introduced nickel–titanium rotary endodontic systems and possesses distinctive instrument design features characterized by a parallelogram cross-sectional geometry. This design is produced through an alternating offset machining proc...

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Váldodahkkit:	Khaled Hassan Abed, Ahmed Abdel Rahman Hashem, Reem Ahmed Lutfy, Somaia Abdellatif Eissa, Dina Ahmed Morsy
Materiálatiipa:	Artigo
Giella:	Inglês
Almmustuhtton:	BMC 2026-03-01
Ráidu:	BMC Oral Health
Fáttát:	Analgesics Bacterial reduction Instrument design Postoperative pain ProTaper gold ProTaper ultimate
Liŋkkat:	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-026-07973-9
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