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Financial toxicity after trauma and acute care surgery: recommendations for measuring long-term financial hardship

Many patients experience financial hardship after acute injuries or emergency surgery. Financial hardship, often referred to as “financial toxicity,” comprises material hardship due to unexpected bills and income loss, psychosocial stress due to uncertainty of one’s financial future, and negative co...

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Bibliografische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser: Marie L Crandall, Nikolay Bugaev, Jeffry Nahmias, John Varujan Agapian, Kristan Staudenmayer, Parker Hu, Lisa Marie Knowlton, John W Scott, Ben L Zarzaur, R Shayn Martin, Phillip Dowzicky, Diane Haddad, Phillip Kim, Sawyer Gordon Smith
Format: Artigo
Sprache:Inglês
Veröffentlicht: BMJ Publishing Group 2025-11-01
Schriftenreihe:Trauma Surgery & Acute Care Open
Online-Zugang:https://tsaco.bmj.com/content/10/4/e001856.full
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