A Combined Pyro- and Hydrometallurgical Approach to Recycle Pyrolyzed Lithium-Ion Battery Black Mass Part 1: Production of Lithium Concentrates in an Electric Arc Furnace

Due to the increasing demand for battery raw materials such as cobalt, nickel, manganese, and lithium, the extraction of these metals not only from primary, but also from secondary sources like spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is becoming increasingly important. One possible approach for an optimi...

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Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Marcus Sommerfeld, Claudia Vonderstein, Christian Dertmann, Jakub Klimko, Dušan Oráč, Andrea Miškufová, Tomáš Havlík, Bernd Friedrich
Format:	Artigo
Language:	Inglês
Published:	MDPI AG 2020-08-01
Series:	Metals
Subjects:	lithium-ion battery recycling cobalt nickel circular economy lithium minerals
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/10/8/1069
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