Effects of Prepartum Immunotropic Treatment on Growth Performance, Physiological Status, and Early-Life Adaptation of Holstein Calves

The present study evaluated the effects of the prepartum administration of immunotropic preparations on the growth performance, physiological status, and metabolic profile of calves. Sixty pregnant Holstein cows were divided into three groups (<i>n</i> = 20 each): the first experimental group receiv...

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Autores principales:	Ainur Davletova, Malika Shamekova, Vladimir Semenov, Andrey Klyapnev, Serimbek Abugaliev, Adilbek Zholdasbekov, Darkhan Smagulov, Yedige Nassambayev, Maxat Toishimanov, Dastanbek Baimukanov
Formato:	Artigo
Lenguaje:	Inglês
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2026-06-01
Colección:	Animals
Materias:	Holstein calves immunotropic preparations Ribotan sodium nucleinate growth performance hematology
Acceso en línea:	https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/16/12/1916
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