The Plantaris Muscle Is Not Vestigial: Developmental, Comparative, and Functional Evidence for Its Sensorimotor Role

The functional status of the plantaris muscle (PM) remains controversial and is historically dismissed as vestigial; yet, it is increasingly recognized for its structural and clinical complexity. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence from embryological development, adult morphological s...

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Hlavní autoři:	Łukasz Olewnik, Ingrid C. Landfald, Bartosz Gonera, Aleksandra Szabert-Kajkowska, George Triantafyllou, Maria Piagkou
Médium:	Artigo
Jazyk:	Inglês
Vydáno:	MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Edice:	Biology
Témata:	plantaris muscle anatomical variation fetal development tendon morphology Achilles tendinopathy proprioception
On-line přístup:	https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/14/6/696
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