Deterministic and probabilistic health risk assessment of heavy metals in liquid herbal cough formulations from Western Uganda

Abstract This study investigated the concentrations and human health risks (carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic) associated with heavy metals in liquid herbal cough formulations obtained from the Western Region of Uganda. Twelve brands of registered (government authority) herbal cough formulations fro...

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Principais autores:	Sam Ariyo, Idris O. Sanusi, Kasturi Veerabhadrappa, Mercy G. Tenywa, Godwin O. Olutona, Hope Onohuean
Formato:	Artigo
Idioma:	Inglês
Publicado em:	Nature Portfolio 2026-02-01
coleção:	Scientific Reports
Assuntos:	Contamination Herbal formulations Heavy metals Monte carlo simulation Risk assessment
Acesso em linha:	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40622-3
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