Transcranial Temporal Interference Stimulation: A Brief Review of Architectures, Circuits, and Application Challenges

Noninvasive neuromodulation methods are promising for treating neurological diseases, but generally have limited ability to selectively target deep brain structures such as the basal ganglia or hippocampus. Transcranial temporal Interference Stimulation (tTIS) overcomes this limitation by superimpos...

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Bibliographic Details

Main Authors:	Arnau Diez-Clos, Simona Losacco, Alejandro D. Fernandez Schrunder, Stephane Emery, Friedhelm C. Hummel, Mahsa Shoaran, Komail Badami
Format:	Artigo
Language:	Inglês
Published:	IEEE 2026-01-01
Series:	IEEE Open Journal of Engineering in Medicine and Biology
Subjects:	Deep brain neuromodulation integrated circuits neuromodulation systems noninvasive stimulation temporal interference stimulation
Online Access:	https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11501709/
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