Operational-first Finance: How China’s Financially Distressed Counties Generate Revenue Amid Fiscal Insolvency

Amid economic crises and the collapse of land-based fiscal revenue, China’s county governments face severe fiscal insolvency. The emergence of the “operational-first finance” approach comprises informal coping strategies developed by financially distressed county governments to circumvent the constr...

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Ngā kaituhi matua:	Du, Mengzhen, Zhao, Jujun
Hōputu:	Artigo
Reo:	Inglês
I whakaputaina:	Centre d'étude français sur la Chine contemporaine 2025
Ngā marau:	China distressed county governments fiscal insolvency operational-first finance adaptive informal institutions land-based fiscal revenue vertical bargaining market profiteering societal extraction
Urunga tuihono:	https://doi.org/10.4000/14ujp https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13089/14ujp https://journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/19177
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