Aurivillius phases Bi3−xNdxTi1.5W0.5O9 Curie temperature TC DLIM Finite Element Method Lumped Parameter Model PMSM PSO algorithm Permanent Magnet Synchronous Reluctance Motor Taguchi designs activation energy Ea additive manufacturing alternative fluid analytical method antenna array array factor artificial intelligence design optimization dielectric spectroscopy dummy primary winding dynamic performance electrical machines electromagnetic coupling end effect equivalent circuit equivalent circuit model ester oil-based nano fluids execution time finite element finite element method