Bangia atropurpurea Bangiales Ulva ohnoi Ulva prolifera asexual reproduction bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences biomass allocation calm stress climate change fatty acid foundation species freezing tolerance fucoid brown algae germling cluster method green tide heat stress land-based cultivation macroalga membrane fluidity n/a non-additive effect obligate asexual strain relative growth rate simulated herbivory sporulation stress memory thermotolerance vegetative growth ‘Bangia’ sp