CFD CPACS DDES Euler Godunov method MDO MUSCL RANS Riemann solver S-duct diffuser T1-995 TA1-2040 TL1-4050 Taylor–Green vortex URANS VLM aerodynamic performance aerodynamics aeroelasticity after-body angle of attack bifurcation bluff body characteristics-based scheme chemistry computational fluid dynamics computational fluid dynamics (CFD) convolution integral detection discontinuous Galerkin finite element method (DG–FEM)