Alfvén waves BL Lacertae objects Landau damping Langmuir waves Schamel equation active galactic nuclei (AGN) active galaxies automated driving blazars cosmic rays cosmic-ray diffusion cosmic-ray transport data-driven modeling deep learning diffusive shock acceleration dissipative solitary waves galactic anti-matter gamma-rays instabilities kappa distribution magnetic loops magnetized plasma modelling n/a non-thermal radiation mechanisms nonlinear waves nonplanar geometries nucleus-acoustic waves numerical methods oblique propagation of electrostatic plasma waves