European islands Nash bargaining Pearson correlation TSO-DSO coordination schemes alternative direction method of multipliers (ADMM) attention mechanism baseline benefit–cost model branch power matrix chanced constrained optimal power flow co-integration expression complementarity data-driven decarbonization demand response distributed energy resources distribution system operator dual objective electric vehicles electricity spot market emergency frequency control energy planning entropy flexibility gas unit gas–electricity price linkage hybrid experimental learning large-scale wind power access local market models microgrid